ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To observe the efficacy and safety of acupuncture combined with auricular point sticking for girls aged 3-8 years with incomplete precocious puberty (IPP).@*METHODS@#Sixty girls with IPP were randomly divided into an observation group (30 cases, 2 cases dropped off) and a control group (30 cases, 2 cases were eliminated). The girls in the control group were treated with healthy diet and proper exercise for 12 weeks. On the basis of the treatment in the control group, the girls in the observation group were treated with acupuncture combined with auricular point sticking. The acupuncture was applied at Sanyinjiao (SP 6), Guanyuan (CV 4), Guilai (ST 29), etc., the needles were retained for 20 min, acupuncture was given twice a week (once every 3 days). The auricular point sticking was applied at Luanchao (TF2), Neishengzhiqi (TF2), Neifenmi (CO18), Yuanzhong (AT2,3,4i), etc., twice a week. The treatment was given for 12 weeks. Before treatment, after treatment and in follow-up after 12 weeks of treatment completion, the Tanner stage of breast, serum contents of sex hormone (luteinizing hormone [LH], follicle-stimulating hormone [FSH], estradiol [E2]) were observed. The ovarian volume, the number of follicles with diameter>4 mm, and the uterine volume were measured by abdominal color Doppler ultrasound. In addition, the safety of the observation group was evaluated.@*RESULTS@#Compared with before treatment, the Tanner stage of breast in the observation group was improved after treatment and in follow-up (P<0.05); after treatment and in follow-up, the Tanner stage of breast in the observation group was better than that in the control group (P<0.05). Compared with before treatment, the serum levels of LH and E2 in the observation group were increased (P<0.05), and the volume of bilateral ovaries was larger (P<0.05) in follow-up. Compared with before treatment, the serum contents of LH, FSH and E2 in the control group were increased (P<0.05), the volume of bilateral ovaries was larger (P<0.05), and the number of follicles was increased (P<0.05) after treatment and in follow-up. The serum levels of LH, FSH and E2 in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05), the volume of bilateral ovaries was smaller than that in the control group (P<0.05), and the number of follicles was lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). Compared with before treatment, the uterine volume in the two groups was larger in follow-up (P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups after treatment and in follow-up (P>0.05). During the treatment, 3 cases in the observation group had slight abdominal pain and subcutaneous blood stasis, without serious adverse reactions.@*CONCLUSION@#Acupuncture combined with auricular point sticking could improve the Tanner stage of breast, reduce the level of sex hormone, slow down the development and maturation of ovary and follicle, and control the degree and speed of sexual development in girls aged 3-8 years with IPP.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Puberty, Precocious/therapy , Acupuncture Therapy , Estradiol , Luteinizing Hormone , OvaryABSTRACT
Peripheral precocious puberty(PPP),also known as puberty independent from hypothalamic-pituitary axis activation,is stimulated by hormones from other sources, with only partial sexual characteristics development but without mature sexual function. The secondary sexual characteristics development occurs before 7.5 years of age in girls and before 9 years of age in boys. Clinical manifestations are diverse, and PPP has varied etiology including congenital adrenal hyperplasia, McCune-Albright syndrome, ovarian cyst, adrenal tumor, ovarian tumor, testicular tumor, human chorionic gonadotropin producing tumor, familial male precocious puberty, aromatase excess syndrome, and environmental estrogen. Early identification of etiology, accurate differential diagnosis and prenatal gene screening play a significant role in the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of the disease.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Child , Puberty, Precocious/therapy , Fibrous Dysplasia, Polyostotic/complications , AromataseABSTRACT
Introducción. El síndrome de McCune-Albright (SMA) es un trastorno genético caracterizado por displasia ósea fibrosa, manchas cutáneas color "café con leche" e hiperfunción autónoma de uno o varios órganos endocrinos. El SMA es producido por mutaciones activadoras del gen GNAS1. La endocrinopatía más frecuente es la gonadal, que se manifiesta como pubertad precoz periférica. Objetivo. Describir las características clínicas y los estudios de laboratorio e imágenes en el momento del diagnóstico y a lo largo de la evolución de la enfermedad, con énfasis en la tríada clásica del síndrome. Población y métodos. Estudio clínico observacional, descriptivo, retrospectivo de las historias clínicas de pacientes con SMA de la División de Endocrinología del Hospital de Niños Ricardo Gutiérrez desde 1974 hasta 2019. Resultados. Se presentan 12 niñas. Todas tuvieron pubertad precoz periférica (PPP) secundaria a quistes ováricos funcionantes. La edad de presentación fue temprana (2,6 ± 1,3 años). Los niveles de gonadotrofinas estuvieron suprimidos o en rango prepuberal con niveles de estradiol generalmente elevados. Diez niñas tuvieron manchas "café con leche" desde el nacimiento. Durante la evolución se detectó displasia fibrosa poliostótica en todas las pacientes. Los tratamientos utilizados para disminuir la recurrencia de los quistes ováricos y los efectos del hiperestrogenismo mostraron diferente eficacia. Conclusiones. En esta serie, la aparición de PPP contribuyó al diagnóstico temprano del SMA y fue de difícil tratamiento. En la evolución persistió la hiperfunción gonadal y empeoraron las lesiones óseas.
Introduction. McCune-Albright syndrome (MAS) is a genetic disorder defined by fibrous dysplasia of bone, café-au-lait skin spots, and autonomous hyperfunction of one or more endocrine organs. MAS is caused by activating mutations of the GNAS1 gene. The most frequent type of endocrinopathy is gonadal endocrinopathy in the form of peripheral precocious puberty. Objective. To describe the clinical characteristics, laboratory and imaging tests at the time of diagnosis and over the course of the disease, focusing on the classical triad of MAS. Population and methods. Observational, descriptive, retrospective clinical study of patients with MAS seen at the Department of Endocrinology of Hospital de Niños Ricardo Gutiérrez between 1974 and 2019. Results. Twelve girls are described, all of whom developed peripheral precocious puberty (PPP) secondary to functional ovarian cysts. Their age at presentation was early (2.6 ± 1.3 years). Gonadotropin levels were suppressed or in the prepubertal range with generally high estradiol levels. Ten girls had café-au-lait skin spots since birth. During the course of disease, polyostotic fibrous dysplasia was detected in all patients. The treatments used to reduce ovarian cyst recurrence and hyperestrogenism effects showed varied effectiveness. Conclusions. In this series, the onset of PPP helped to make an early diagnosis of MAS and was difficult to treat. The course of disease showed persistent gonadal hyperfunction and worsening of bone injuries
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Puberty, Precocious/diagnosis , Puberty, Precocious/etiology , Puberty, Precocious/therapy , Fibrous Dysplasia, Polyostotic/complications , Fibrous Dysplasia, Polyostotic/diagnosis , Fibrous Dysplasia, Polyostotic/therapy , Retrospective Studies , Follow-Up Studies , Cafe-au-Lait Spots/diagnosis , Cafe-au-Lait Spots/therapy , Neoplasm Recurrence, LocalABSTRACT
Resumen Introducción: La Sociedad Mexicana de Endocrinología Pediátrica presenta recomendaciones para el diagnóstico y el tratamiento de la pubertad precoz (PP), condición definida como el desarrollo de caracteres sexuales por incremento en la secreción hipofisiaria de gonadotropinas antes de los 8 años en las niñas y de los 9 años en los niños. Métodos: Se realizaron tres revisiones sistemáticas de ensayos clínicos controlados sobre intervenciones para el tratamiento de la PP, pruebas diagnósticas y estudios observacionales sobre efectos a largo plazo de la PP. La evaluación de la calidad de los estudios y la extracción de datos se realizó por pares. La evidencia se graduó con el sistema de la Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN) y del Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine (OCEBM) para las recomendaciones sobre la intervención y el diagnóstico, respectivamente. Las recomendaciones generadas se sometieron a un consenso por el método Delphi y fueron validadas por otros 143 endocrinólogos pediatras certificados mediante un cuestionario en línea. Resultados: Mediante consenso se generaron 12 recomendaciones para el diagnóstico de PP, siete sobre diagnóstico de causas secundarias de PP, ocho sobre intervenciones para inhibición de la pubertad, cinco sobre otras intervenciones en PP y 14 para la monitorización del tratamiento y el seguimiento de estos pacientes. Se obtuvo más del 90% de aprobación para cada una de las recomendaciones por el grupo de endocrinólogos certificados que respondieron el cuestionario en línea. Conclusiones: Si bien se logró un alto grado de consenso para las recomendaciones para el diagnóstico, el tratamiento y la monitorización de la PP entre los endocrinólogos pediatras, el nivel de evidencia para la mayoría de estas recomendaciones resultó bajo.
Abstract Background: The Mexican Society of Pediatric Endocrinology presents recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of precocious puberty (PP), a condition defined as the development of sexual characteristics due to an increase in pituitary gonadotropin secretion before 8 or 9 years of age in girls and boys, respectively. Methods: Three systematic reviews were conducted: controlled clinical trials on interventions for PP treatment, diagnostic tests, and observational studies on the long-term effects of PP. The quality evaluation and data extraction from the studies were conducted by two independent reviewers. The Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network and the Oxford Center for Evidence-Based Medicine systems were used for grading the quality of evidence for recommendations on intervention and diagnosis, respectively. Recommendations were submitted to a consensus by a Delphi method and were validated by another 143 certified pediatric endocrinologists through an online questionnaire. Results: The group generated 12 recommendations on the diagnosis of PP, seven on the diagnosis of secondary causes of PP, eight on interventions for inhibition of puberty, five on other interventions for PP treatment, and 14 for the monitoring and follow-up of these patients. The online questionnaires submitted to certified pediatric endocrinologists showed more than 90% of approval for each one of the recommendations. Conclusions: Although a high degree of consensus for the recommendations for diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring of PP among pediatric endocrinologists was achieved, most of these recommendations showed a low level of evidence.
Subject(s)
Child , Female , Humans , Male , Puberty, Precocious/therapy , Practice Guidelines as Topic , Pituitary Gland/metabolism , Puberty, Precocious/diagnosis , Delphi Technique , Systematic Reviews as Topic , Gonadotropins/metabolism , MexicoABSTRACT
Resumen La Sociedad Mexicana de Endocrinología Pediátrica elaboró una guía de práctica clínica para el diagnóstico y el tratamiento de la pubertad precoz. Este documento presenta recomendaciones relacionadas con las intervenciones para inhibir la pubertad precoz central. La descripción detallada de la metodología para el desarrollo de esta guía y del sistema de gradación, así como la síntesis de la evidencia en la que se basa, pueden consultarse en este mismo suplemento.
Abstract The Mexican Society of Pediatric Endocrinology developed a clinical practice guide for the diagnosis and treatment of precocious puberty. This document presents recommendations related to the interventions for the inhibition of central precocious puberty. The detailed description of the methodology for the development of this guide and the grading system, as well as the synthesis of the evidence on which it is based can be consulted in this same supplement.
Subject(s)
Child , Humans , Puberty, Precocious/therapy , Puberty, Precocious/diagnosis , MexicoABSTRACT
Resumen La Sociedad Mexicana de Endocrinología Pediátrica elaboró una guía de práctica clínica para el diagnóstico y el tratamiento de la pubertad precoz. Este documento presenta recomendaciones relacionadas con intervenciones adyuvantes en el tratamiento de la pubertad precoz distintas de la inhibición de la pubertad. La descripción detallada de la metodología para el desarrollo de esta guía y del sistema de gradación, así como la síntesis de la evidencia en la que se basa, pueden consultarse en este mismo suplemento.
Abstract The Mexican Society of Pediatric Endocrinology developed a clinical practice guide for the diagnosis and treatment of precocious puberty. This document presents recommendations related to the complementary interventions for the treatment of precocious puberty besides puberty blockade. The detailed description of the methodology for the development of this guide and the grading system, as well as the synthesis of the evidence on which it is based, can be consulted in this same supplement.
Subject(s)
Child , Humans , Puberty, Precocious/therapy , Puberty, Precocious/diagnosis , MexicoABSTRACT
Resumen La Sociedad Mexicana de Endocrinología Pediátrica elaboró una guía de práctica clínica para el diagnóstico y el tratamiento de la pubertad precoz. Este documento presenta recomendaciones relacionadas con la monitorización del tratamiento y el seguimiento de pacientes con pubertad precoz central. La descripción detallada de la metodología para el desarrollo de esta guía y del sistema de gradación, así como la síntesis de la evidencia en la que se basa, pueden consultarse en este mismo suplemento.
Abstract The Mexican Society of Pediatric Endocrinology developed a clinical practice guide for the diagnosis and treatment of precocious puberty. This document presents recommendations related to the monitorization of the treatment and follow-up of patients with central precocious puberty. The detailed description of the methodology for the development of this guide and the grading system, as well as the synthesis of the evidence on which it is based, can be consulted in this same supplement.
Subject(s)
Child , Humans , Puberty, Precocious/therapy , Puberty, Precocious/diagnosis , MexicoABSTRACT
Resumen Se realizaron tres revisiones sistemáticas para la formulación de las recomendaciones sobre diagnóstico, tratamiento y seguimiento de pacientes con pubertad precoz: intervenciones para el tratamiento de la pubertad precoz que incluyeran los desenlaces de talla final o casi final, salud mental, salud metabólica, salud ósea o éxito en el bloqueo; estudios observacionales comparativos que evaluaran desenlaces a largo plazo en sujetos con antecedentes de pubertad precoz; y por último, estudios de exactitud de prueba diagnóstica para pubertad.
Abstract Three systematic reviews were conducted to formulate the recommendations on diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of patients with precocious puberty: interventions for the treatment of precocious puberty that included the outcomes of final or near-final height, mental health, metabolic health, health bone, or blockade success; comparative observational studies evaluating long-term outcomes in subjects with a history of precocious puberty; and diagnostic test accuracy studies for puberty.
Subject(s)
Child , Humans , Puberty, Precocious/therapy , Practice Guidelines as Topic , Puberty, Precocious/diagnosis , Systematic Reviews as Topic , MexicoABSTRACT
El autor de este artículo repasa las características clínicas de la pubertad precoz y la pubertad temprana, las pruebas diagnósticas indicadas en la evaluación de los pacientes que la presentan y las recomendaciones actuales de tratamiento. (AU)
The author of this article reviews the clinical features of early puberty, the diagnostic tests for the patients Ì evaluation andthe current treatment recommendations. (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Puberty, Precocious/therapy , Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/agonists , Puberty, Precocious/classification , Puberty, Precocious/pathology , Puberty, Precocious/blood , Puberty, Precocious/diagnostic imaging , Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/therapeutic use , Sex CharacteristicsABSTRACT
Los análogos de hormona liberadora de gonadotrofinas (GnRHa), son el tratamiento de elección de la pubertad precoz central (PPC) y a pesar de las diversas experiencias reportadas hay aspectos clínicos y auxológicos por responder. Objetivo: Describir la respuesta al tratamiento...
The analogues of gonadotrophin releasing hormone (GnRHa) are the preferred treatment for central precocious puberty (CPP); despite the various reported experiences, there are clinical and auxological issues unanswered. Objective: To describe the response to GnRHa therapy in patients with central precocious puberty, followed in the Endocrine Unit at the Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño (INSN), Lima, Perú, between 1998 and 2008...
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/analogs & derivatives , Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/therapeutic use , Puberty, Precocious/therapy , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Longitudinal Studies , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
Precocious puberty is defined as the development of secondary sexual characteristics before the age of 8 years in girls and 9 years in boys. Gonadotropin-dependent precocious puberty (GDPP) results from the premature activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis and mimics the physiological pubertal development, although at an inadequate chronological age. Hormonal evaluation, mainly through basal and GnRH-stimulated LH levels shows activation of the gonadotropic axis. Gonadotropin-independent precocious puberty (GIPP) is the result of the secretion of sex steroids, independently from the activation of the gonadotropic axis. Several genetic causes, including constitutive activating mutations in the human LH-receptor gene and activating mutations in the Gs protein a-subunit gene are described as the etiology of testotoxicosis and McCune-Albright syndrome, respectively. The differential diagnosis between GDPP and GIPP has direct implications on the therapeutic option. Long-acting gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) analogs are the treatment of choice in GDPP. The treatment monitoring is carried out by clinical examination, hormonal evaluation measurements and image studies. For treatment of GIPP, drugs that act by blocking the action of sex steroids on their specific receptors (cyproterone, tamoxifen) or through their synthesis (ketoconazole, medroxyprogesterone, aromatase inhibitors) are used. In addition, variants of the normal pubertal development include isolated forms of precocious thelarche, precocious pubarche and precocious menarche. Here, we provide an update on the etiology, diagnosis and management of sexual precocity.
A puberdade precoce é definida como o desenvolvimento dos caracteres sexuais secundários antes dos 8 anos nas meninas e dos 9 anos nos meninos. A puberdade precoce dependente de gonadotrofinas (PPDG) resulta da ativação prematura do eixo hipotálamo-hipófise-gonadal e mimetiza o desenvolvimento puberal fisiológico, embora em idade cronológica inadequada. A avaliação hormonal, principalmente os valores de LH basal e após estímulo com GnRH exógeno confirmam a ativação do eixo gonadotrófico. A puberdade precoce independente de gonadotrofinas (PPIG) é o resultado da secreção de esteróides sexuais independentemente da ativação do eixo gonadotrófico. Diversas causas genéticas, incluindo mutações ativadoras constitutivas no gene do receptor do LH humano e mutações ativadoras no gene da subunidade a da proteína G representam as etiologias da testotoxicose e da síndrome de McCune Albright, respectivamente. O diagnóstico diferencial entre PPDG e PPIG tem implicação direta na opção terapêutica. Análogos de GnRH de ação prolongada é o tratamento de escolha da PPDG. A monitorização do tratamento da PPDG é realizada pelo exame clínico, avaliação hormonal e exames de imagem. Para o tratamento da PPIG, são usadas drogas que bloqueiam a ação dos esteróides sexuais nos seus receptores específicos (ciproterona, tamoxifeno) ou bloqueiam a sua síntese (cetoconazol, medroxiprogesterona e inibidores da aromatase). Variantes do desenvolvimento puberal normal incluem as formas isoladas de telarca, pubarca e menarca precoces. Nesta revisão, atualizamos a etiologia, o diagnóstico e tratamento da precocidade sexual.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/physiology , Puberty, Precocious , Breast/growth & development , Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/metabolism , Gonadotropins/metabolism , Menarche , Mutation , Puberty, Precocious/diagnosis , Puberty, Precocious/etiology , Puberty, Precocious/therapyABSTRACT
A puberdade é considerada precoce em meninas quando aparece antes dos oito anos, incidindo em uma criança para cada 5.000 a 10.000 que têm desenvolvimento normal. Pode ser classificada em central ou periférica. O diagnóstico procura caracterizar a etiologia, evidenciar o estádio da puberdade e definir a melhor terapêutica. No diagnóstico, a dosagem de gonadotrofinas (basais e/ou estimuladas) é o exame de escolha para o início da investigação. No tratamento, há mais de 20 anos são utilizados os análogos de GnRH, principalmente por via intramuscular. As formulações de depósito, aplicadas a cada quatro semanas, são as mais utilizadas. Implantes subcutâneos com análogos de GnRH têm sido considerados promissores. Pacientes com puberdade precoce e reduzida velocidade de crescimento (VC), com o uso dos análogos, têm sido tratadas associando-se o hormônio de crescimento recombinante humano (rhGH), duplicando habitualmente a VC sem acelerar o ritmo de maturação óssea. O uso da metformina em meninas com baixo peso ao nascer e pubarca precoce ou com puberdade iniciada entre oito e nove anos, porém com previsão de menarca precoce e baixa estatura, pode levar à normalização da evolução puberal, ganho de estatura final, além de diminuição do índice de massa corpórea.
Subject(s)
Female , Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/analogs & derivatives , Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/physiology , Metformin/therapeutic use , Bone and Bones , Bone and Bones , Puberty, Precocious/diagnosis , Puberty, Precocious/epidemiology , Puberty, Precocious , Puberty, Precocious/therapyABSTRACT
OBJETIVO: verificar, com o emprego da ultra-sonografia pélvica, a existência de mudanças na genitália interna de meninas com puberdade precoce central submetidas a tratamento com análogo do hormônio liberador de gonadotrofinas (GnRH). MÉTODOS: a ultra-sonografia pélvica foi realizada em 18 meninas com diagnóstico de puberdade precoce central idiopática, antes e três meses após o inicio do tratamento com análogo de GnRH, para avaliar o impacto da terapia na genitália interna feminina. Foram avaliados os volumes uterino e ovariano, o diâmetro longitudinal do útero, a relação entre os diâmetros longitudinais do corpo e colo uterinos, a relação entre os diâmetros ântero-posteriores do corpo e colo uterinos e o eco endometrial. Para a análise estatística foi aplicado o teste de Shapiro-Willks para verificação da normalidade dos dados. Para os dados em que a normalidade foi satisfeita, foi aplicado o teste t de Student. Para os dados cuja distribuição não foi normal aplicou-se o teste não paramétrico (teste do sinal). RESULTADOS: após o tratamento houve redução estatisticamente significante da média dos volumes uterino (de 5,4 para 3,0 cm³, p<0,001) e ovariano (de 2,2 para 1,1 cm³, p=0,004), da média do diâmetro longitudinal do útero (de 4,2 para 3,4 cm, p=0,001) e da média do eco endometrial (de 1,8 para 0,6 mm, p=0,018). CONCLUSÃO: em meninas com puberdade precoce a ultra-sonografia pélvica é útil para avaliar a eficácia do tratamento com análogo de GnRH. Os principais parâmetros de resposta à terapia são as diminuições dos volumes uterino e ovariano, a redução do diâmetro longitudinal do útero e a atrofia ou ausência do eco endometrial.
PURPOSE: to verify, through pelvic ultrasound, the existence of changes in the internal genitalia of girls with central precocious puberty, submitted to treatment with gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) analogs. METHODS: pelvic ultrasound was performed in 18 girls with idiopathic central precocious puberty, before and after three months of onset of the treatment with GnRH analogs, to investigate the impact of the therapy on the internal genitalia. Ovarian and uterine volumes, uterine longitudinal length, relation between the longitudinal diameter of the uterine corpus and the uterine cervix, the relation between the anterior-posterior diameter of the uterine corpus and the uterine cervix, and endometrial echogenicity were evaluated. Statistical analysis was performed through Shapiro-Willkis's test, to assess data normality. When normality was present, Student's test t was applied. For data without normality, a non-parametric test (the signal test) was used. RESULTS: after therapy, statistically significant decline of the mean uterine volume (from 5.4 cm³ to 3.0 cm³, p<0.001), of the mean ovarian volume (from 2.2 cm³ to 1.1 cm³, p= 0.004), of the mean uterine longitudinal length (from 4.2cm to 3.4 cm, p=0.001), and of the mean endometrial echogenicity (from 1.8 mm to 0.6 mm, p=0.018) occurred. CONCLUSION: In girls with idiopathic central precocious puberty, pelvic ultrasound is a valid method to assess the efficacy of treatment with GnRH analogs. The main parameters of the therapeutic response were the decrease of uterine and ovarian volume, of uterine longitudinal length, and atrophy or absence of endometrial echogenicity.
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Child , Cohort Studies , Genitalia, Female , Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/therapeutic use , Pelvis , Puberty, Precocious/therapy , UterusABSTRACT
O presente artigo tem por objetivo a abordagem diagnóstica da puberdade precoce e suas diversas formas de tratamento
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Puberty, Precocious/diagnosis , Puberty, Precocious/therapyABSTRACT
Novos critérios para o diagnóstico e tratamento da puberdade precocecentral (GnRH-dependente) têm sido propostos. O início puberal em meninas normais tem, aparentemente, ocorrido mais cedo do que o previamente descrito. Classicamente, a idade limite para o desenvolvimento puberal normal é de 9 anos nos meninos e 8 nas meninas. Entre 6 e oito anos, muitas meninas apresentam sinais puberais isolados (telarca ou pubarca), associados apenas a discreto avanço da velocidade de crescimento e da idade óssea. O quadro representa uma aceleraçäo constitucional do crescimento e puberdade e näo determina perda da estatura final prevista, mesmo quando comparada ao padräo familial. Está situaçäo requer seguimento clínico cuidadoso, porém geralmente näo necessita tratamento medicamentoso. A puberdade precoce GnRH-dependente patológica cursa com progressäo dos caracteres puberais, aumento significante da velocidade de crescimento e avanço desproporcional da idade óssea, determinando reduçäo da estatura final prevista. A idade de início é muito variável, e em parte dependente da causa do processo . Quando se manifesta entre os 6 e 8 anos de idade, apresenta caráter rapidamente progressivo. A etiologia do processo é investigada com a ressonância magnética de crânio. Deve ser tratada com agonistas hiperativos do GnRH. Pode-se utilizar o leuprolide ou a triptorelina, na dose de 3,75 mg, uma vez a cada 4 semanas, por via intramuscular. Habitualmente, obtém-se bom controle dos caracteres puberais. Os resultados sobre a estatura final dependem do diagnóstico e tratmento precoces, preferencialmente antes dos 6 anos de idade. Durante o tratamento com GnRHa, parte dos pacientes apresenta grande reduçäo da velocidade de crescimento e intenso comprometimento da previsäo estatural. Nesta situaçäo a associaçäo com hormônio de crescimento pode ser considerada.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Puberty, Precocious/diagnosis , Puberty, Precocious/therapy , Body Height/physiology , Bone Development/physiology , Diagnostic Imaging/methods , Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/adverse effects , Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/agonists , Sexual Maturation/physiologyABSTRACT
La adrenarquia prematura es generalmente un proceso benigno pero también puede ser la primera manifestación de hiperplasia suprarreanal congénita (HSC). Para identificar los datos clínicos que aclaran la diferencia entre las dos entidades, se realizó un estudio prospectivo observacional que incluyó 44 niños que consultaron por presentar vello sexual precoz, 27 del sexo femenino y 17 del sexo masculino. En 10 pacientes (23 por ciento) se confirmó el diagnóstico de HSC. Al comparar los datos clínicos entre los dos grupos se encontró que la talla alta para la edad y la maduración ósea acelerada pueden alertarnos que probablemente el vello sexual sea la primera manifestación de alteración enzimática suprarrenal que debe ser confirmada a través de análisis hormonal, así se establece el diagnóstico y el manejo temprano y se evita la talla baja posterior y las demás complicaciones
Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Adolescent , Puberty, Precocious/diagnosis , Puberty, Precocious/drug therapy , Puberty, Precocious/epidemiology , Puberty, Precocious/etiology , Puberty, Precocious/physiopathology , Puberty, Precocious/therapy , Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital/diagnosis , Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital/epidemiology , Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital/etiology , Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital/physiopathology , Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital/drug therapy , Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital/rehabilitation , Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital/therapyABSTRACT
De Mayo de 1988 a Diciembre de 1996 fueron evaluados 48 niños con cuadro de Pubertad Precoz en el Servicio de endocrinología del Hospital Nacional "Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen". 47 pacientes (97.9 por ciento) correspondieron a Pubertad Precoz Central (PPC) y 1 paciente (2.1 por ciento) a Pubertad Precoz Periférica (PPP). De los niños con PPC el 87.23 por ciento se presentó en el sexo femenino, y 12,77 por ciento en el sexo masculino. En los pacientes de sexo masculino se encontró un inicio más temprano de la pubertad, una mayor demora en acudir a la consulta y un mayor adelanto de la Edad Osea en relación a la Edad Cronológica que en las pacientes del sexo femenino. En el 92.7 por ciento de las mujeres y en el 33.3 por ciento de los varones no se encontró patología asocciada a la PPC. De mayor utilidad para el diagnóstico fue el test de GnRH; y los estudios de imágenes (TAC y RMN) fueron importantes en pacientes varones. Un sólo paciente se presentó con PPP, siendo del sexo masculino, y con diagnóstico de Tumor de Células de Leyding.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Puberty, Precocious , Puberty, Precocious/diagnosis , Puberty, Precocious/therapy , Anthropometry , Weight by Height/physiologyABSTRACT
La pubertad precoz no es una patología rara en la niñez. Una de las consecuencias observadas es la baja talla definitiva en niñas no tratadas. El objetivo del presente trabajo es mostrar los resultados obtenidos sobre el crecimiento de 30 pacientes tratadas con un análogo de Lh-Rh (Triptorelin)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Anthropometry , Puberty, Precocious/diagnosis , Puberty, Precocious/therapyABSTRACT
No presente artigo, os autores fazem uma revisäo bibliográfica sobre puberdade precoce no sexo feminino. Säo abordados os seguintes aspectos: definiçäo, fisiopatologia, quadro clínico, diagnóstico, tratamentos e seguimento. Dos tratamentos utilizados os analogos do GnRH foram os mais efetivos